-
Greek Lessons
-
Category
Imperfect Indicative: Periphrastic Form Of Imperfect
PERIPHRASTIC FORM OF THE IMPERFECT
Periphrastic Imperfects, formed by adding a Present Participle to the Imperfect of the verb eivmi,, are frequent in the New Testament, especially in the historical books. The large majority of these forms denote continued action.
Mark 10:32; καὶ ἦν προάγων Study more .....
Imperfect Indicative: The Imperfect Of Repeated Action
THE IMPERFECT OF REPEATED ACTION
The Imperfect is used of customary or repeated action in past time.
Acts 3:2; ὃν ἐτίθουν καθ’ ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν θύραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ, whom they used to lay daily at the gate of the temple.
(1) For the use of the Imperfect, Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Imperfect Indicative, ἐβουλόμην, εἰ γὰρ, εἶθε, ἠθέλησα, ὸφεἱλω, ὄφελον, ῶφελον
Leave a comment
Imperfect Indicative: The Conative Imperfect
THE CONATIVE IMPERFECT
The Progressive Imperfect is sometimes used of action attempted, but not accomplished. Cf. THE CONATIVE PRESENT.
Matt. 3:14; ὁ δὲ Ἰωάννης διεκώλυεν αὐτὸν, but he would have hindered him.
See also Luke 1:59, ἐκάλουν; 15:16, ἐδίδου; Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Conative Imperfect, Progressive Imperfect, ἐδίδου, ἐκάλουν, ἠνάγκαζον, συνήλλασσεν
Leave a comment
Imperfect Indicative: The Progressive Imperfect
THE PROGRESSIVE IMPERFECT
The Imperfect is used of action in progress in past time.
Mark 12:41; καὶ πολλοὶ πλούσιοι ἔβαλλον πολλά, and many that were rich were casting in much.
Luke 1:66; καὶ γὰρ χεὶρ κυρίου ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ, for Study more .....
Present Indicative: Periphrastic Form Of The Present
PERIPHRASTIC FORM OF THE PRESENT
One of the clearly marked peculiarities of the Greek of the New Testament is the frequency with which periphrastic forms composed of a Present or Perfect Participle (Luke 23:19 is quite exceptional in its use of the Aorist Participle; cf. Ev. Pet. 23), and the Present, Study more .....
Present Indicative: The Present Of Past Action Still In Progress
The Present Of Past Action Still In Progress
The Present Indicative, accompanied by an adverbial expression denoting duration and referring to past time, is sometimes used in Greek, as in German, to describe an action which, beginning in past time, is still in progress at the time of speaking. English Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Aorist Indicative, Present Indicative, δουλεύω, ἔρχομαι, ἔχει, οἶδας, πάρλαι, πάρος, ποτὲ
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The Present Of Past Action Still In Progress
Present Indicative: The Present For The Future
The Present For The Future
In a similar way the Present Indicative may be used to describe vividly a future event.
Mark 9:31; Ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοται εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων, the Son of man is delivered into the hands of men. See also Matt. Study more .....
Present Indicative: The Historical Present in Greek
The Historical Present
The Present Indicative is used to describe vividly a past event in the presence of which the speaker conceives himself to be.
Mark 11:27; Καὶ ἔρχονται πάλιν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα, and they come again to Jerusalem.
See also Luke 8:49, ἔρχεταί; Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Historical Present, Present Indicative, Ἄγουσιν, ἔρχεταί
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The Historical Present in Greek
Present Indicative: The Aoristic Present
The Aoristic Present
The Present Indicative is sometimes used of an action or event coincident in time with the act of speaking, and conceived of as a simple event. Most frequently the action denoted by the verb is identical with the act of speaking itself, or takes place in that act.
Acts 16:18; Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Aoristic Present, Ernest De Witt Burton, Present Indicative, ἀφίενταί, Ἐπιτρέπεταί, ἰᾶταί
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The Aoristic Present
Present Indicative: The General Or Gnomic Present
The General Or Gnomic Present
The Present Indicative is used to express customary actions and general truths.
Matt. 7:17; οὕτως πᾶν δένδρον ἀγαθὸν καρποὺς καλοὺς ποιεῖ, τὸ δὲ σαπρὸν δένδρον καρποὺς πονηροὺς ποιεῖ, Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Ernest De Witt Burton, Gnomic Present, Present Indicative
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The General Or Gnomic Present
Present Indicative: The Conative Present
The Conative Present
The Present Indicative is occasionally used of action attempted, but not accomplished. This use is, however, not to be regarded as a distinct function of the tense. The Conative Present is merely a species of the Progressive Present. A verb which of itself suggests effort, when Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Ernest De Witt Burton, ἄγει, δικαιοῦσθε, λιθάζετε
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The Conative Present
Present Indicative: The Progressive Present
The Progressive Present
The Present Indicative is used of action in progress in present time.
Matt. 25:8; αἱ δὲ μωραὶ ταῖς φρονίμοις εἶπαν Δότε ἡμῖν ἐκ τοῦ ἐλαίου ὑμῶν, ὅτι αἱ λαμπάδες ἡμῶν σβέννυνται, our Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Ernest De Witt Burton, θαυμαζω
Comments Off on Present Indicative: The Progressive Present
Tenses Of The Indicative Mood
(1) The significance of the tenses of the Indicative mood may be stated in general as follows: -
As respects progress:
The Present and Imperfect denote action in progress; the Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect denote completed action; the Aorist represents the action indefinitely as an event Study more .....
The Greek Tenses
The action denoted by a verb may be defined by the tense of the verb
(a) As respects its progress. Thus it may be represented as in progress, or as completed, or indefinitely, i.e. as a simple event without reference to progress or completion.
(b) As respects its time, as past, present, or future.
The Study more .....
Greek Has 7 Tenses
There are seven tenses in the Greek:-
Present,
Imperfect,
Aorist,
Future,
Perfect,
Pluperfect,
Future Perfect.
Those tenses which denote present or future time are called Primary tenses. Those tenses which denote past time are called Secondary tenses. Since the time denoted by a tense Study more .....
The Greek Verb Has 4 Moods
There are four moods in Greek verb:-
the Indicative,
the Subjunctive,
the Optative, and
the Imperative.
With these are associated in the study of Syntax the Infinitive, which is, strictly speaking, a verbal noun, and the Participle, which is a verbal adjective.
The Subjunctive, Optative, Study more .....
NT Greek Substantive, Adjective & Adverbs
(1) The parts of speech are connected with each other more or less. It is simply mechanical to think of anything else. Adverbs bulk largely in furnishing various parts of speech in the development of language, such as prepositions, conjunctions, particles, etc. The higher organization of speech calls Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged A.T. Robertson, adjective, adverbs, substantive, αιωνιον, απαραβατον, εκεινης, επιθετον, μειζων, μονον, μονος, νουνεχως, ομολογουμενως, ονοματα, πρῶτον, πρῶτος, υπερεκπερισσου, χαριν, χαρις
Leave a comment
What Is Biblical Greek
The isolated position of the Greek found in the Septuagint and the New Testament has been the problem dividing grammatical students of this literature for generations past. That the Greek Scriptures, and the small body of writings which in language go with them, were written in the Κοινή, the "common" Study more .....
Greek Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
First Personal Pronoun
Second Personal Pronoun
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Nominative
εγω, I
ημεις, we
συ, you
υμεις, you
Genitive
εμου or μου
ημων
σου
υμων
Dative
εμοι or μοι
ημιν
σοι
υμιν
Accusative
εμε Study more .....
Punctuation In The Greek New Testament
In the edition of the New Testament down to that of Griesbach inclusive, the punctuation was not only deficient in uniformity, but was also excessive. To make the meaning clearer, editors introduced a profusion of stops, especially commas; and in doing this often intruded on the text their own interpretation Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
Tagged colon, comma, Georg Benedikt Winer, Griesbach, Lachmann, punctuation, Tischendorf
Leave a comment
