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Greek Lessons
- The Word Was with God: A Grammatical Journey from John 1:1
- Teaching, Preaching, Healing: The Triple Ministry in Matthew 4:23
- Greek Grammatical and Syntactic Analysis of Luke 4:22
- The Grammar of Greeting: Sanctified Salutations in Philippians 4:21
- Stumbling Blocks and Subjunctives: Volitional Grammar in 1 Corinthians 8:13
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Category
Present Indicative: The Conative Present
The Conative Present
The Present Indicative is occasionally used of action attempted, but not accomplished. This use is, however, not to be regarded as a distinct function of the tense. The Conative Present is merely a species of the Progressive Present. A verb which of itself suggests effort, when Study more .....
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Tagged Ernest De Witt Burton, ἄγει, δικαιοῦσθε, λιθάζετε
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Present Indicative: The Progressive Present
The Progressive Present
The Present Indicative is used of action in progress in present time.
Matt. 25:8; αἱ δὲ μωραὶ ταῖς φρονίμοις εἶπαν Δότε ἡμῖν ἐκ τοῦ ἐλαίου ὑμῶν, ὅτι αἱ λαμπάδες ἡμῶν σβέννυνται, our Study more .....
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Tagged Ernest De Witt Burton, θαυμαζω
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Tenses Of The Indicative Mood
(1) The significance of the tenses of the Indicative mood may be stated in general as follows: -
As respects progress:
The Present and Imperfect denote action in progress; the Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect denote completed action; the Aorist represents the action indefinitely as an event Study more .....
The Greek Tenses
The action denoted by a verb may be defined by the tense of the verb:
(a) As respects its progress. Thus it may be represented as in progress, or as completed, or indefinitely, i.e., as a simple event without reference to progress or completion. This corresponds to what is known as aspect in Greek Study more .....
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Greek Has 7 Tenses
There are seven tenses in Greek:-
Present,
Imperfect,
Aorist,
Future,
Perfect,
Pluperfect,
Future Perfect.
These tenses express both aspect (the kind of action) and time (when the action takes place), though aspect is often more primary than time in many moods outside the indicative.
Those Study more .....
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The Greek Verb Has 4 Moods
There are four moods in the Greek verb:-
the Indicative,
the Subjunctive,
the Optative, and
the Imperative.
With these are associated in the study of Syntax the Infinitive, which is, strictly speaking, a verbal noun, and the Participle, which is a verbal adjective.
The Subjunctive, Study more .....
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Symbolic Geography and Theological Irony in Revelation 11:8: Participial Modification and Spiritual Topography in Apocalyptic Greek
καὶ τὸ πτῶμα αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τῆς πλατείας τῆς πόλεως τῆς μεγάλης, ἥτις καλεῖται πνευματικῶς Σόδομα καὶ Αἴγυπτος, ὅπου καὶ ὁ Κύριος αὐτῶν ἐσταυρώθη.
Subject and Location Study more .....
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Greek Grammar Lesson from Mark 7:11
Verse in Greek
ὑμεῖς δὲ λέγετε· ἐὰν εἴπῃ ἄνθρωπος τῷ πατρὶ ἢ τῇ μητρί, κορβᾶν, ὅ ἐστι, δῶρον, ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇς,
Focus Topic: Conditional Clauses and Parenthetical Explanation
This verse involves Study more .....
Greek Grammatical Analysis of Revelation 6:4
καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἄλλος ἵππος πυρρός, καὶ τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἐδόθη αὐτῷ λαβεῖν τὴν εἰρήνην ἐκ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἵνα ἀλλήλους σφάξωσι, καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ μάχαιρα Study more .....
The Love That Names: Intimacy in John 11:5
The Verse in Focus (John 11:5)
ἠγάπα δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὴν Μάρθαν καὶ τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτῆς καὶ τὸν Λάζαρον
ἠγάπα: A Love of Choice and Commitment
The verb ἠγάπα is the imperfect active indicative of ἀγαπάω, meaning Study more .....
Greek Grammar Lesson from Matthew 4:11
Verse in Greek
Τότε ἀφίησιν αὐτὸν ὁ διάβολος, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἄγγελοι προσῆλθον καὶ διηκόνουν αὐτῷ.
Focus Topic: Dramatic Present and Historical Narrative Tense Shifts
This verse contains a stylistic mixture of verb tenses — Study more .....
Grammatical Analysis of Hebrews 11:4
Πίστει πλείονα θυσίαν Ἄβελ παρὰ Κάϊν προσήνεγκε τῷ Θεῷ, δι’ ἧς ἐμαρτυρήθη εἶναι δίκαιος, μαρτυροῦντος ἐπὶ τοῖς δώροις αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ δι’ αὐτῆς ἀποθανὼν Study more .....
NT Greek Substantive, Adjective & Adverbs
(1) The parts of speech are connected with each other more or less. It is simply mechanical to think of anything else. Adverbs bulk largely in furnishing various parts of speech in the development of language, such as prepositions, conjunctions, particles, etc. The higher organization of speech calls Study more .....
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Tagged A.T. Robertson, adjective, adverbs, substantive, αιωνιον, απαραβατον, εκεινης, επιθετον, μειζων, μονον, μονος, νουνεχως, ομολογουμενως, ονοματα, πρῶτον, πρῶτος, υπερεκπερισσου, χαριν, χαρις
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What Is Biblical Greek
The isolated position of the Greek found in the Septuagint and the New Testament has been the problem dividing grammatical students of this literature for generations past. That the Greek Scriptures, and the small body of writings which in language go with them, were written in the Κοινή, the "common" Study more .....
Greek Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
First Personal Pronoun
Second Personal Pronoun
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Nominative
εγω, I
ημεις, we
συ, you
υμεις, you
Genitive
εμου or μου
ημων
σου
υμων
Dative
εμοι or μοι
ημιν
σοι
υμιν
Accusative
εμε Study more .....
Punctuation In The Greek New Testament
In the edition of the New Testament down to that of Griesbach inclusive, the punctuation was not only deficient in uniformity, but was also excessive. To make the meaning clearer, editors introduced a profusion of stops, especially commas; and in doing this often intruded on the text their own interpretation Study more .....
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Tagged colon, comma, Georg Benedikt Winer, Griesbach, Lachmann, punctuation, Tischendorf
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The Origin of the Greek Definite Article
The Sanskrit and Latin did not develop any article at all, and the Greek never developed the indefinite usage to any extent. Moreover, the Greek was slow in creating the definite article, though in Homer we do have the beginning of the article. The forms ο, η, το are occasionally used in Homer Study more .....
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Tagged A.T. Robertson, demonstative, relative, η, ο, ο δε, ο ην, ον δε, ον μεν, ος, ος δε, ος μεν, το
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The Indefinite Article In Greek
The Latin had no article, as the Greek has no indefinite article. Not even in the modern Greek has the indefinite article of the Teutonic and Roman tounges developed, though occasionally εις or τις is used with little more force than the English a (an). Even in the New Testament we see traces of Study more .....
Comparison of Adjectives
There are two general forms.
(1) First Form
Comparative -τερος -τερα -τερον
Superlative -τατος -τατη -τατον
(a) These terminations are added to the adjective stem. Thus:-
πιστος faithful
πιστοτερος πιστοτερα πιστοτερον - Study more .....
The Voices of the Greek Verb
The system of three voices of the verb - active (transitive), passive (instransitive), and middle (i.e. transitive with the reference to the subject) - remains on the whole the same in the New Testament as in the classical language. In the former, as in the latter, it frequently happens in the case of Study more .....
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Tagged active, Aποκρινομαι, Friedrich Wilhelm Blass, intransitive, passive, transitive, αγαμαι, απεκριθην, απεκριναμην, αποθανουμαι, αποθνησκω, αποκριθησομαι, αποκρινουμαι, απολωλα, δραμουμαι, εδραμον, εστηκα, εστην, εστησαμην, εφανην, εφανθην, ηγασθην, θαυμαζομαι, θαυμαζω, θαυμασθησομαι, θαυμασομαι, θρεξομαι, ισταμαι, λυπουμαι, σταθησομαι, τεξοσομαι, τικτω, τυπτομαι, τυπτω, φαανθην, χαιρω
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