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Greek Lessons
- Sharing in the Gospel: Grammatical Partnership and Ecclesial Generosity in Philippians 4:15
- Justice and the Lord: Grammatical Petition and Retributive Theology in 2 Timothy 4:14
- Until I Come: Grammatical Imperatives and Ministerial Priorities in 1 Timothy 4:13
- Withdrawal and Mission: Temporal Syntax and Theological Momentum in Matthew 4:12
- Learning Contentment: The Grammar of Sufficiency in Philippians 4:11
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Category
Category Archives: Theology
“τοῦ Ἰωανάν, τοῦ Ῥησά…”: Patronymic Genitives and Ellipsis in Luke 3:27
Introduction: A Lineage Without Verbs In Luke 3:23–38, the evangelist presents the genealogy of Jesus in reverse, going from Jesus all the way back to Adam. Each generation is presented in a minimalist formula: τοῦ [Name] — “of [Name]” Our … Continue reading
“ἐγένετο” as Divine Narrative Marker: The Aorist Middle in John 2:1
Introduction: The Beginning of Signs John 2:1 begins with an event introduction: “Καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ γάμος ἐγένετο”—“And on the third day there was a wedding.” The seemingly ordinary statement hinges on the verb ἐγένετο {egeneto}, an aorist middle … Continue reading
Divine Intention and Participial Purpose in Matthew 3:13: A Greek Grammatical and Theological Analysis
Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ. Introduction Matthew 3:13 introduces the solemn moment when ὁ Ἰησοῦς voluntarily Study more …..
“Ἰδόντες”: Aorist Participle of Perception and Fulfillment in Matthew 2:10
Introduction: The Joy of Seeing Matthew 2:10 opens with a participle of perception—ἰδόντες {idontes}, from ὁράω, “to see.” The clause reads: “Ἰδόντες δὲ τὸν ἀστέρα ἐχάρησαν χαρὰν μεγάλην σφόδρα” —“And when they saw the star, Study more …..
Synonyms: Divine Essence and Nature in the Greek New Testament: θεότης and θειότης
Among the many nuanced terms used to describe the divine in the Greek New Testament, θεότης and θειότης stand out for their subtle distinctions and theological depth. Both derive from the root θεός (“God”), yet their forms and usages convey … Continue reading
The Transition from Prophetic Arrest to Messianic Proclamation in Mark 1:14: Greek Syntax and Eschatological Messaging
Μετὰ δὲ τὸ παραδοθῆναι τὸν Ἰωάννην, ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν, κηρύσσων τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ· Introduction Mark 1:14 initiates a major transition in the Gospel narrative. Study more …..
The Literary Ambition of ἀνατάξασθαι: Aorist Middle Infinitive in Luke 1:1
Introduction: Historiography and the Greek Infinitive The Gospel of Luke opens not with theology or miracle, but with a polished historiographical prologue. The evangelist uses elevated Greek to establish credibility and intent. Central to this literary self-positioning is the verb … Continue reading
“τίς με κατέστησε δικαστὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς;”: Appointed Authority and Predicate Accusatives in Luke 12:14
Introduction: Who Made Me Judge Over You? Jesus responds to a man seeking arbitration over an inheritance: Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ἄνθρωπε, τίς με κατέστησε δικαστὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς; “But he said to him, ‘Man, who appointed Study more … Continue reading
Like Nonsense: Grammatical Dismissal and Resurrection Doubt in Luke 24:11
Words Dismissed: Literary and Theological Context of Luke 24:11 Luke 24:11 — καὶ ἐφάνησαν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ λῆρος τὰ ῥήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἠπίστουν αὐταῖς. (“And their words appeared to them as nonsense, and they did Study more …..
Greek Grammar and Syntax Analysis of Luke 24:53
καὶ ἦσαν διὰ παντὸς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, αἰνοῦντες καὶ εὐλογοῦντες τὸν Θεόν. Sentence Structure and Clausal Composition The verse Luke 24:53 is the final sentence of the Gospel of Luke and contains a rich interplay of Greek participial syntax Study … Continue reading
“τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι;”: The Dative-Dative Idiom of Divine Priority in John 2:4
Introduction: What Is This Between Us? At the Cana wedding, Mary informs Yeshuʿ that the wine has run out. His enigmatic response begins with the phrase: τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι; Literally, “What to me and to you, woman?” This construction, … Continue reading
From Temple to Teaching: Grammatical Movement and Eschatological Signaling in Matthew 24:1
Turning from the Temple: Narrative and Theological Context of Matthew 24:1 Matthew 24:1 — Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐπορεύετο ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ· καὶ προσῆλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτῷ τὰς οἰκοδομὰς Study more …..
Say but Do Not Do: Grammatical Structure and Ethical Critique in Matthew 23:3
Instruction and Inconsistency: Literary and Theological Context of Matthew 23:3 Matthew 23:3 — πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν τηρεῖν, τηρεῖτε καὶ ποιεῖτε, κατὰ δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν μὴ ποιεῖτε· λέγουσι Study more …..
Stirring the Crowd: Manipulated Justice in Mark 15:11
οἱ δὲ ἀρχιερεῖς ἀνέσεισαν τὸν ὄχλον ἵνα μᾶλλον τὸν Βαραββᾶν ἀπολύσῃ αὐτοῖς Mark 15:11 delivers a moment of tragic persuasion: the chief priests successfully sway the crowd to ask for the release of Barabbas instead of Jesus. Study more …..
A Veil Over the Heart: Ongoing Blindness in 2 Corinthians 3:15
ἀλλ’ ἕως σήμερον ἡνίκα ἂν ἀναγινώσκεται Μωϋσῆς, κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῶν κεῖται In 2 Corinthians 3:15, Paul continues his powerful contrast between the old and new covenants. The verse evokes a somber image: Study more …..
Council and Consensus: Grammatical Coordination and Ecclesial Deliberation in Acts 15:6
Gathered to Decide: Literary and Theological Context of Acts 15:6 Acts 15:6 — Συνήχθησαν δὲ οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι ἰδεῖν περὶ τοῦ λόγου τούτου. (“And the apostles and the elders were gathered together to consider Study more …..
Saved Through Fire: Grammatical Nuance and Eschatological Theology in 1 Corinthians 3:15
Trial by Fire: Literary and Theological Context of 1 Corinthians 3:15 1 Corinthians 3:15 — εἴ τινος τὸ ἔργον κατακαήσεται, ζημιωθήσεται, αὐτὸς δὲ σωθήσεται, οὕτως δὲ ὡς διὰ πυρός. (“If anyone’s work is burned Study more …..
“τὰ ἐμὰ… τῶν ἐμῶν”: Possessive Adjectives and Personal Ownership in John 10:14
Introduction: The Language of Possession Jesus says: γινώσκω τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ γινώσκομαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἐμῶν “I know the things that are mine, and I am known by those who are mine.” In both clauses, the possessive adjective ἐμός (“mine”) appears … Continue reading
“γινώσκω τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ γινώσκομαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἐμῶν”: Reciprocal Knowing and Shepherd Identity in John 10:14
Introduction: The Shepherd Who Knows and Is Known In John 10:14, Jesus states: Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός, καὶ γινώσκω τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ γινώσκομαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἐμῶν. “I am the good shepherd, and I know my own, and my … Continue reading
Grammatical Contrast and Theological Hesitation in Matthew 3:14: Syntax and Voice in John’s Objection
Ὁ δὲ Ἰωάννης διεκώλυεν αὐτὸν λέγων· ἐγὼ χρείαν ἔχω ὑπὸ σοῦ βαπτισθῆναι καὶ σὺ ἔρχῃ πρός με; Introduction Matthew 3:14 records John the Baptist’s theological resistance to baptizing Jesus. The Greek syntax encapsulates Study more …..
