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Category Archives: Grammar
“τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι;”: The Dative-Dative Idiom of Divine Priority in John 2:4
Introduction: What Is This Between Us? At the Cana wedding, Mary informs Yeshuʿ that the wine has run out. His enigmatic response begins with the phrase: τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι; Literally, “What to me and to you, woman?” This construction, … Continue reading
“ἦν… ἐκεῖ”: The Imperfect Tense of Presence in John 2:1
Introduction: The Mother Was There The clause καὶ ἦν ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐκεῖ appears understated, yet its grammatical structure offers insightful narrative and theological signals. The use of ἦν {ēn}, the imperfect tense of εἰμί, and the adverb ἐκεῖ … Continue reading
A Comprehensive Guide to NT Greek Particles by Frequency
Understanding the role of particles in NT Greek is vital for anyone studying the New Testament. Recognizing how these small words function can significantly enhance comprehension and interpretation of the text. As students become familiar with the various particles, they … Continue reading
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Greek Grammar Lesson from Philippians 2:25
Verse in Greek Ἀναγκαῖον δὲ ἡγησάμην Ἐπαφρόδιτον τὸν ἀδελφὸν καὶ συνεργὸν καὶ συστρατιώτην μου, ὑμῶν δὲ ἀπόστολον καὶ λειτουργὸν τῆς χρείας μου, πέμψαι πρὸς Study more …..
Nouns in New Testament Greek
1. Definition and Function Definition of a Noun: A noun (ὄνομα) is a word that identifies a person, place, thing, or idea. Functions of Nouns in a Sentence: Nouns can serve multiple roles, such as: Subject: The main actor in … Continue reading
“ἐχάρησαν”: The Second Aorist Passive Deponent of Joy in Matthew 2:10
Introduction: The Grammar of Overwhelming Joy As the magi finally see the star—confirmation of divine guidance—the text states: “they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy.” The Greek verb ἐχάρησαν {echarēsan} is a grammatical paradox: passive in form, but active in function. … Continue reading
“ἐκλήθη”: Divine Guest or Invited Savior? The Aorist Passive in John 2:2
Introduction: The Guest Who Becomes the Giver In John 2:2, Jesus and his disciples are introduced as guests to the wedding at Kana: “Jesus also was invited to the wedding, along with his disciples.” The verb used here—ἐκλήθη {eklēthē}—is the … Continue reading
Greek Grammar Lesson from Galatians 6:10
Verse in Greek ἄρα οὖν ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν, ἐργαζώμεθα τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρὸς πάντας, μάλιστα δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως. Focus Topic: Hortatory Subjunctive and Temporal Clause with ὡς This verse Study more …..
Crasis in New Testament Greek
Definition of Crasis Crasis (Greek: κρᾶσις) is a linguistic phenomenon in Greek where two adjacent words, especially when one ends in a vowel and the next begins with a vowel, combine to form a single word. The term itself means … Continue reading
Greek Grammar Lesson from Luke 21:2
Verse in Greek εἶδε δέ τινα χήραν πενιχρὰν βάλλουσαν ἐκεῖ λεπτὰ δύο, Focus Topic: Object-Complement Structure and Present Participle in Action Description This short narrative clause captures an act of humble generosity using a combination of accusative Study more …..
Greek Grammar Lesson from 2 Peter 1:21
Verse in Greek οὐ γὰρ θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη ποτὲ προφητεία, ἀλλ’ ὑπὸ Πνεύματος ἁγίου φερόμενοι ἐλάλησαν ἅγιοι Θεοῦ ἄνθρωποι. Focus Topic: Passive Voice and Dative of Agency vs. ὑπό Study more …..
Missionary Initiative and Grammatical Identity in Acts 11:20: Syntax and Semantic Range in the Expansion of the Gospel<
Ἦσαν δέ τινες ἐξ αὐτῶν ἄνδρες Κύπριοι καὶ Κυρηναῖοι, οἵτινες εἰσελθόντες εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, ἐλάλουν πρὸς τοὺς Ἑλληνιστάς, εὐαγγελιζόμενοι τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν. Introduction Acts Study more …..
Identifying Adverbs in New Testament Greek: A Practical Guide
Adverbs in New Testament Greek modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing detail on how, when, or where an action occurs. Recognizing adverbs is essential for accurate interpretation and translation. 1. Basic Function of Adverbs Adverbs provide additional information about … Continue reading
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“διὰ τῶν ἐπακολουθούντων σημείων”: Participial Genitive of Means in Mark 16:20
Introduction: Signs That Follow The longer ending of Mark concludes with a beautiful note of divine validation: τὸν λόγον βεβαιοῦντος διὰ τῶν ἐπακολουθούντων σημείων “confirming the word through the signs that followed.” The prepositional Study more …..
“βεβαιοῦντος”: Present Participial Confirmation of the Word in Mark 16:20
Introduction: A Gospel Confirmed The final line of Mark’s Gospel (long ending) says: τοῦ κυρίου συνεργοῦντος, καὶ τὸν λόγον βεβαιοῦντος διὰ τῶν ἐπακολουθούντων σημείων “…the Lord working with them, and confirming Study more …..
“τοῦ κυρίου συνεργοῦντος, καὶ τὸν λόγον βεβαιοῦντος…”: Genitive Absolute and Divine Participation in Mark 16:20
Introduction: Signs of a Cooperative Kingdom Mark 16:20 concludes with a profound description of divine activity: Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ ἐξελθόντες ἐκήρυξαν πανταχοῦ, τοῦ κυρίου συνεργοῦντος, καὶ τὸν λόγον βεβαιοῦντος διὰ Study more …..
Identifying Adjectives in New Testament Greek: A Practical Guide
Spotting adjectives in New Testament Greek can be a bit tricky at first, but there are some key patterns and grammar rules to help. This guide offers practical tips for recognizing adjectives in New Testament Greek, an essential skill for … Continue reading
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Learning New Testament Greek: Avoiding Common Student Mistakes
Learning New Testament Greek can be challenging, and students often encounter several common pitfalls. Here are some mistakes that new students typically make and suggestions on how to avoid them: 1. Neglecting Vocabulary Mistake: Students often focus too much on … Continue reading
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Greek Grammar Lesson from Luke 19:4
Verse in Greek καὶ προδραμὼν ἔμπροσθεν ἀνέβη ἐπὶ συκομορέαν, ἵνα ἴδῃ αὐτόν, ὅτι δι’ ἐκείνης ἤμελλε διέρχεσθαι. Focus Topic: Purpose Clause with ἵνα and Complementary Infinitive with Imperfect of Intention This Study more …..
Greek Grammar Lesson from 1 Timothy 3:6
Verse in Greek μὴ νεόφυτον, ἵνα μὴ τυφωθεὶς εἰς κρίμα ἐμπέσῃ τοῦ διαβόλου. Focus Topic: Subjunctive Purpose Clause with Aorist Passive Participle This verse, part of the qualifications for overseers, demonstrates how Greek syntax expresses Study more …..
