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Greek Lessons
- Bondage Before Adoption: A Grammatical and Theological Study of Galatians 4:3
- Found Faithful: Divine Expectations and Grammatical Precision in 1 Corinthians 4:2
- Authority Through the Lord: A Grammatical and Theological Study of 1 Thessalonians 4:2
- Dislocation and Apposition: Royal Titling in Biblical Hebrew
- Driven by the Spirit: The Temptation Prelude in Matthew 4:1
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Category
Greek Grammar Lesson from John 3:16
Verse in Greek
Οὕτω γὰρ ἠγάπησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν κόσμον, ὥστε τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ τὸν μονογενῆ ἔδωκεν, ἵνα πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν μὴ ἀπόληται ἀλλ’ ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον.
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Bondage Before Adoption: A Grammatical and Theological Study of Galatians 4:3
Introduction
Galatians 4:3 — οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι, ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἦμεν δεδουλωμένοι·
(“So also we, when we were children, were enslaved under the elemental things of the world.”)
This verse Study more .....
Found Faithful: Divine Expectations and Grammatical Precision in 1 Corinthians 4:2
Faithfulness as a Steward’s Mark: Literary and Theological Context of 1 Corinthians 4:2
1 Corinthians 4:2 — ὃ δὲ λοιπὸν ζητεῖται ἐν τοῖς οἰκονόμοις, ἵνα πιστός τις εὑρεθῇ.
(“Moreover, what is required in stewards is that one be found Study more .....
Authority Through the Lord: A Grammatical and Theological Study of 1 Thessalonians 4:2
Introduction
1 Thessalonians 4:2 — οἴδατε γὰρ τίνας παραγγελίας ἐδώκαμεν ὑμῖν διὰ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ.
(“For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.”)
This verse belongs to the paraenetic section of 1 Thessalonians, Study more .....
Dislocation and Apposition: Royal Titling in Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to 1 Kings 4:1
This verse formally introduces the reign of King Shelomoh (Solomon) with a syntactically simple but rhetorically rich construction. The structure features a dislocated subject and appositional noun phrases, which combine to create a solemn and emphatic royal title. This lesson Study more .....
Driven by the Spirit: The Temptation Prelude in Matthew 4:1
Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀνήχθη εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος, πειρασθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου
Matthew 4:1 opens the temptation narrative not with confrontation, but with movement—Jesus is led up into the wilderness. The grammar Study more .....
2 Corinthians 4:1 and the Greek of Mercy and Ministry
2 Corinthians 4:1
Διὰ τοῦτο, ἔχοντες τὴν διακονίαν ταύτην καθὼς ἠλεήθημεν, οὐκ ἐκκακοῦμεν,
Therefore, having this ministry, just as we received mercy, we do not lose heart.
Causal Link and Logical Flow
Διὰ τοῦτο – Study more .....
You Call Me Teacher and Lord: Identity Affirmed in John 13:13
The Verse in Focus (John 13:13)
ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με, ὁ διδάσκαλος καὶ ὁ κύριος, καὶ καλῶς λέγετε· εἰμὶ γάρ
ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με: Personal Address and Present Action
The subject ὑμεῖς (“you”) is emphatic, Study more .....
A Life According to the Strictest Sect: Identity in Acts 26:5
Acts 26:5
προγινώσκοντές με ἄνωθεν, ἐὰν θέλωσι μαρτυρεῖν, ὅτι κατὰ τὴν ἀκριβεστάτην αἵρεσιν τῆς ἡμετέρας θρησκείας ἔζησα Φαρισαῖος
προγινώσκοντές με ἄνωθεν: Study more .....
First of All: The Grammar of Intercession in 1 Timothy 2:1
1 Timothy 2:1
Παρακαλῶ οὖν πρῶτον πάντων ποιεῖσθαι δεήσεις, προσευχάς, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίας, ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων
Παρακαλῶ οὖν: A Pastoral Urging
The verb Παρακαλῶ is the present Study more .....
2 Thessalonians 1:11 and the Greek of Intercession and Fulfillment
2 Thessalonians 1:11
εἰς ὃ καὶ προσευχόμεθα πάντοτε περὶ ὑμῶν, ἵνα ὑμᾶς ἀξιώσῃ τῆς κλήσεως ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν καὶ πληρώσῃ πᾶσαν εὐδοκίαν ἀγαθωσύνης καὶ ἔργον πίστεως Study more .....
The Grammar of Humility: Jesus’ Arrival in Matthew 3:13
Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ
Matthew’s language is quiet but deliberate. Jesus doesn’t declare, explain, or teach Study more .....
Comparing Classical Greek and Koine Greek
Classical Greek and Koine Greek represent two major historical stages of the Greek language. Classical Greek, particularly the Attic dialect, was the literary and intellectual language of 5th–4th centuries BC Athens. Koine Greek, which emerged after the conquests of Alexander the Great, became the Study more .....
Posted in Ancient Greek
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Hebrews 3:6 and the Greek of Sonship and Confidence
Original Text
Χριστὸς δὲ ὡς υἱὸς ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, οὗ οἶκός ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς, ἐὰνπερ τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ τὸ καύχημα τῆς ἐλπίδος μέχρι τέλους βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν.
Literal Study more .....
“μνείαν σου ποιούμενος ἐπὶ τῶν προσευχῶν μου”: Participial Thanksgiving and Remembrance in Philemon 4
Introduction: Gratitude in the Form of Prayer
Paul opens his letter to Philemon with this tender line:
Εὐχαριστῶ τῷ Θεῷ μου πάντοτε μνείαν σου ποιούμενος ἐπὶ τῶν προσευχῶν μου
“I thank my God always, making mention of you Study more .....
Greek Grammar Lesson from Luke 2:15
Verse in Greek
Καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἀπῆλθον ἀπ’ αὐτῶν εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν οἱ ἄγγελοι, καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ ποιμένες εἶπον πρὸς ἀλλήλους· Διέλθωμεν δὴ ἕως Βηθλέεμ καὶ ἴδωμεν Study more .....
Comparing Modern Greek and Koine Greek
Modern Greek and Koine Greek, though genetically related, differ in numerous linguistic and historical respects. Koine Greek, the dialect of the Greek New Testament, emerged in the Hellenistic period as a common dialect (κοινή διάλεκτος) that unified various Greek dialects following the Study more .....
Posted in Modern Greek
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Acts 20:10 and the Urgency of Apostolic Action
Original Text
καταβὰς δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ἐπέπεσεν αὐτῷ καὶ συμπεριλαβὼν εἶπε· Μὴ θορυβεῖσθε· ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐστιν.
Literal English Translation
But Paul went down, fell upon him, and embracing Study more .....
Comparative Greek Analysis: James 3:2 in Koine vs. Classical Greek
Original Text (James 3:2)
πολλὰ γὰρ πταίομεν ἅπαντες. εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει, οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ, δυνατὸς χαλιναγωγῆσαι καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα.
Literal English Translation
For we all stumble Study more .....
Not in Vain: Participles and Persuasion in 2 Corinthians 6:1
The Verse in Focus (2 Corinthians 6:1)
Συνεργοῦντες δὲ καὶ παρακαλοῦμεν μὴ εἰς κενὸν τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ δέξασθαι ὑμᾶς·
The Present Participle: Συνεργοῦντες
The participle συνεργοῦντες comes from Study more .....
Joy Beyond Measure: Exploring Greek Intensification in Matthew 2:10
The Verse in Focus
Ἰδόντες δὲ τὸν ἀστέρα ἐχάρησαν χαρὰν μεγάλην σφόδρα
This verse from Matthew 2:10 is rich in both grammatical beauty and expressive emotion.
A Closer Look at the Structure
This vivid sentence from Matthew 2:10 captures the intense Study more .....
